I have a couple thoughts about this. First and most importantly if your board supports 5 stepper motor drivers then why not move the extruder to the open driver port on the board? Alternatively you could consider upgrading to an all in one control solution like the gt2560 here:
http://www.ebay.com/itm/3D-Printer-G...MAAOSwO~hXIDAg
Or this megatronics v3.0 board here:
http://www.ebay.com/itm/3-Extruder-H...cAAOSwXeJXfiAW
Both of these board run the same marlin firmware you are currently running. Both have extra stepper motor driver mounts for either expansion or attrition tolerance, lol.

As far as pinpointing your problem, First I think I would try a simple wiggle test. command the stepper motor to move and wiggle the wires going to it at the mainboard and at the stepper motor. verify there is not a connection problem. if the stepper motor turns on and off as you wiggle the wires, then plug the motor into another port on the mainboard and repeat the test and see if the failure follows the stepper motor or stays on that one port with different motors. if the latter is the case, then you might have a failed solder joint on the board. Past that a good way to pinpoint a failure here is to swap the motor with a different axis, swap the driver with yet another different axis, and see where the problem, goes. if it stays it is a problem with the board, if it goes with the stepper it is a failure with the stepper and if it goes with the driver then you burned up the driver board which is the most common failure I think.