Jeremy Woodhead and Nik Williams were in charge of creating and designing the complicated makeup effects for the Vision from Marvel’s Avengers: Age of Ultron. They used 3D scanners to capture detailed parts of Paul Bettany's head and body and created a virtual model that they designed the makeup appliances around using CAD software. They chose to use 3D design software for the makeup because they were attempting to replicate the straight lines and machined quality of an android, which isn’t easy to produce using traditional sculpting methods. Once the 3D makeup was designed it was 3D printed in plastic and then cast and molded in silicone to be painted. You can read more about the creation of the Vision over on 3DPrint.com: http://3dprint.com/98779/avengers-age-of-ultron/