Not exactly, the reason a bigger printer should be slower is because it has a bigger, heavier gantry. This means lower accelerations, which means slower prints, particularly on prints with lots of small details. This is especially true with mendel (prusa) style printers which have particularly high moving mass because of moving the print bed. I was talking about different sized printers, not printers of the same make and model, and my point is they shouldn't have the same settings for different sized printers.

You could set the accelerations/jerk/speed on a larger printer the same as a smaller printer, and they would print in more or less the same time, but you shouldn't. A larger printer with more moving mass should have lower accelerations/jerk/speed to avoid ringing artifacts. Nothing to do with the clock of the microcontroller.